Money and Economy

Pounds and pence, old money, industry and the cost of living.

British Industry

What Britain still makes: aerospace, pharmaceuticals, cars, food and defence — a manufacturing sector far smaller than it was, and far larger…

Money and Economy
Cost of Living

What things actually cost in Britain — housing above all — and the sustained squeeze on household budgets since 2021 that dominated…

Money and Economy
Currency of Britain

The pound sterling: the world's oldest currency still in use, divided into 100 pence, and universally called the quid in speech.

Money and Economy
Natural Resources

What Britain has under the ground and around its coast — coal, North Sea oil and gas, and now one of the…

Money and Economy
Old Money

The pre-decimal currency used until 1971: twelve pennies to a shilling, twenty shillings to a pound, and a supporting cast of guineas,…

Money and Economy
The British Economy

One of the world's largest economies, dominated by services rather than manufacturing, heavily concentrated on London, and unusually unbalanced between its regions.

Money and Economy
The Euro and the Pound

Why Britain kept sterling instead of joining the euro — a decision taken long before Brexit and now settled beyond serious argument.

Money and Economy
The Minimum Wage

The legally enforced floor on hourly pay in Britain, introduced in 1999 and now among the highest relative to average earnings in…

Money and Economy
Trade and Industry

What Britain buys and sells abroad: a large services exporter, a persistent goods importer, and a trading pattern reshaped by leaving the…

Money and Economy
VAT

Value Added Tax: the 20% sales tax included in the displayed price of almost everything in Britain, with a famously arbitrary list…

Money and Economy

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